Nepal sizzles under heatwave, health risks mount

KATHMANDU: As Nepal heads deeper into the summer season, the nation is grappling with a significant and sustained rise in temperatures, prompting mounting concerns over public health—particularly in the country’s hotter lowland regions and densely populated urban centers.

In the capital, Kathmandu, daily highs have reached around 33°C (91°F), making the city feel stifling, especially during midday hours.

Meanwhile, cities like Pokhara and Nepalgunj are experiencing even more intense heat, with temperatures approaching 35°C (95°F) and humidity levels amplifying the discomfort.

However, the most severe impact is being felt in the Terai region, where the combination of extreme heat, rising humidity, and low wind activity has created a sweltering environment that is not only uncomfortable but potentially dangerous.

In areas such as Birgunj, Dhangadhi, and Janakpur, temperatures are soaring beyond 38°C (100°F), with the heat index making it feel even hotter—pushing the limits of human endurance and increasing the risk of heat-related illnesses.

This growing heat wave is especially hazardous for vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, outdoor laborers, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions.

Health experts are urging people to stay hydrated, avoid direct sun exposure during peak hours, and seek out cooler environments whenever possible.

Health Risks on the Rise

Medical professionals are warning of a surge in heat-related illnesses such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke. Hospitals have begun to see a higher number of patients presenting symptoms including dehydration, dizziness, and fatigue.

In response, local authorities and humanitarian organizations have ramped up awareness campaigns, distributing water in public areas, encouraging people to stay indoors during peak heat hours, and advising on basic heat safety measures such as wearing light clothing and staying hydrated.

Heat Action Plans and Urban Challenges

Efforts are underway to improve community resilience through the implementation of Heat Action Plans. These include real-time temperature displays in public areas, expanded access to drinking water, and the establishment of shaded rest zones in densely populated areas.

Urban centers, especially those with limited green space, are facing more intense heat due to the urban heat island effect. City planners are now being urged to integrate more greenery into infrastructure — including parks, trees, and rooftop gardens — as long-term measures to reduce surface and air temperatures.

Staying Safe This Summer

Residents are advised to avoid strenuous activities during the hottest parts of the day, usually between 11 AM and 4 PM.

Drinking plenty of water, using sunscreen, and checking on vulnerable neighbors are key practices to prevent heat-related emergencies.

The summer heat is expected to persist in the coming weeks, making preparedness and public cooperation vital.

Authorities continue to monitor conditions closely and are calling for collective action to minimize the impacts of extreme temperatures.

✅ How to Stay Safe During a Heatwave

1. Stay Hydrated

   • Drink plenty of water, even if you’re not thirsty.

   • Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and sugary drinks.

2. Avoid Outdoor Activities

   • Limit physical activity, especially between 11 AM and 4 PM.

   • Reschedule work or exercise for early morning or late evening.

3. Wear Light, Loose Clothing

   • Choose light-colored, breathable fabrics like cotton.

   • Use hats and sunglasses when going outside.

4. Stay in Cool Places

   • Use fans or air conditioning if available.

   • Spend time in shaded areas or public cooling zones.

   • Take cool showers or baths to reduce body temperature.

5. Use Sunscreen

   • Apply SPF 30+ sunscreen to protect your skin from UV damage.

6. Check on Vulnerable People

   • Elderly, children, pregnant women, and people with chronic illnesses are most at risk.

   • Make sure they stay cool and hydrated.

7. Eat Light Meals

   • Avoid hot, heavy meals. Eat fresh fruits and vegetables.

8. Never Leave People or Pets in Cars

   • Even a few minutes can be deadly in a closed vehicle.

9. Know the Signs of Heat Illness

   • Symptoms include dizziness, headache, nausea, rapid heartbeat, and confusion.

   • Seek medical help immediately if these occur.

10. Stay Informed

• Follow local weather updates and heat alerts.

• Follow public health advice during extreme heat events.