Weather change & sickness: The real reason

KATHMANDU: As the seasons transition from winter to summer, many people find themselves falling ill.

Sudden shifts in temperature can lead to colds, flu, allergies, and even more severe health complications.

But why does this happen? Is it just a coincidence, or is there a scientific reason behind it?

How Weather Change Affects the Body

1. Sudden Temperature Swings Weaken the Immune System

When the weather shifts from cold to hot, the body has to work harder to regulate its internal temperature. This constant adjustment puts stress on the immune system, making it less effective at fighting off infections.

During cold weather, our bodies conserve heat by constricting blood vessels, which can slightly suppress immune responses. When the temperature rises quickly, blood vessels expand, and the sudden change can make people more susceptible to viruses and bacteria.

2. Viruses and Bacteria Spread More Easily

Many people believe that cold weather is the main cause of illnesses like the flu, but in reality, it’s the fluctuations in temperature that create the perfect breeding ground for bacteria and viruses.

• Airborne Viruses: Changes in temperature and humidity can allow viruses to survive longer in the air.
• Bacteria Growth: Warmer temperatures can promote bacterial growth, increasing the chances of infections.
• Close Contact: Seasonal transitions often mean people spend time in enclosed spaces with fluctuating temperatures (e.g., moving between air-conditioned rooms and the hot outdoors), which helps germs spread more easily.

3. Allergies and Respiratory Issues Rise

As the temperature rises, trees, flowers, and grasses release more pollen, leading to seasonal allergies. Many people mistake these allergy symptoms—such as sneezing, runny nose, and congestion—for the common cold.

Additionally, increased dust, mold, and air pollution during seasonal transitions can trigger respiratory problems, especially for those with asthma or chronic lung conditions.

4. Dehydration and Fatigue Make the Body More Vulnerable

As temperatures increase, the body sweats more to cool down, leading to dehydration if fluids are not replenished. Even mild dehydration can cause headaches, dizziness, and fatigue, weakening the body’s ability to fight off infections.

Furthermore, the shift to warmer weather often leads to changes in sleep patterns and daily routines, which can contribute to fatigue and lower immunity.

5. Sudden Lifestyle Changes Can Impact Health

With warmer weather, people tend to change their habits:

• Drinking more cold beverages, which can irritate the throat.
• Eating more raw or street food, which may contain bacteria.
• Spending more time outdoors, increasing exposure to allergens, pollution, and germs.

These lifestyle shifts, combined with a weakened immune system, make it easier for infections to take hold.

How to Stay Healthy During Seasonal Transitions

To avoid falling sick during the change from cold to hot weather, follow these preventive measures:

✅ Stay Hydrated – Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration and keep your immune system strong.
✅ Eat a Balanced Diet – Consume fresh fruits, vegetables, and immune-boosting foods rich in vitamins C and D.
✅ Dress Appropriately – Avoid drastic exposure to heat after being in a cold environment (e.g., stepping out of an air-conditioned room into the sun).
✅ Maintain Hygiene – Wash hands frequently to prevent infections.
✅ Use Allergy Protection – If you’re prone to allergies, wear a mask or use an air purifier at home.
✅ Get Enough Sleep – A well-rested body can better fight off seasonal illnesses.

Final Thoughts

The change from cold to hot weather doesn’t directly cause sickness, but it creates an environment where infections and allergies thrive.

By understanding how weather affects our bodies and taking proactive measures, we can stay healthy and enjoy the warmth of the new season without falling ill.