Proper oral care for healthy teeth: Insights from Dr. Prekshya Dali

KATHMANDU: The mouth is the primary gateway for consuming food. We eat various types of food—some that benefit our health and others that can be harmful.

Once food enters the mouth, the teeth play a vital role in breaking it down through chewing.

The better we chew, the easier it is to digest the food. Therefore, it is essential to maintain healthy teeth.

To understand the types of dental issues, their prevention, and treatment, Bishnu Maya Shrestha from Makalu Khabar spoke with Dr. Prekshya Dali, Director of Hardik Dental Clinic.

Here are the edited excerpts from the conversation:

What are the common dental issues people face?

Dental issues often begin in childhood. Children are prone to tooth decay, which, if untreated, can progress to the roots, causing severe pain. In adults, tooth decay can also lead to gum bleeding, which many dismiss as a minor issue. However, untreated gum bleeding can cause gum disease, loose teeth, and erosion of the bone supporting the teeth.

Another concern is misaligned teeth, particularly when permanent teeth replace milk teeth. When teeth are extracted, it is important to replace them promptly to prevent misalignment. Wisdom teeth that grow improperly may also need removal. These issues—decay, gum bleeding, misalignment, and problematic wisdom teeth—are common dental problems.

Why does tooth decay occur, and how can we prevent it?

Tooth decay mainly results from poor brushing habits and consuming sticky, sugary foods. To prevent decay:

• Brush thoroughly after meals.
• Rinse your mouth or drink water after eating.
• Brush your teeth twice daily, in the morning and before bed.

Following these practices reduces the risk of tooth decay.

How can we maintain clean and healthy teeth?

Regular dental checkups are essential, ideally every six months, just like body health checkups. Professional dental cleaning should also be done every 8-10 months to remove deep-seated plaque and ensure healthy gums and teeth. Avoid tobacco products to maintain oral health.

Why do teeth turn yellow or develop black stains?

Black stains are common among people living in the Terai region due to high iron content in water. Yellowing often results from plaque buildup caused by poor brushing. If the buildup is significant, professional cleaning at a dental clinic is necessary.

What is the proper way to brush teeth?

Brush for at least 1-2 minutes. Hold the toothbrush lightly and use circular motions, cleaning from the inside out. Be sure to clean both sides of the teeth and the tongue. If unsure, brush in front of a mirror to monitor your technique. Proper brushing habits help maintain dental health.

What are dental caps or crowns, and what types are available?

Dental caps or crowns are used to cover damaged or extracted teeth to prevent neighboring teeth from shifting. They are also used for teeth that have undergone root canal treatment or are broken.

Types of crowns include:

• Metal Crowns
• Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM) Crowns
• Zirconia Crowns

Dental implants are another modern option for tooth replacement.

How much does it cost to get a dental cap or crown?

The cost varies by type. PFM crowns are more affordable because they contain metal. Zirconia crowns match the natural tooth color and are more expensive. Typically, the process involves taking a mold of the teeth, sending it to a lab, and fitting the crown within 2-3 days. Suitability depends on gum health; in cases of severe gum recession, implants may be recommended instead.

Does dental treatment affect the brain?

No. The nerves in the mouth are different from those in the brain, so dental treatments do not affect brain health. This is a common misconception.

Can gum bleeding affect overall health?

Yes. Ignoring gum bleeding can lead to serious health issues. This is particularly concerning for older individuals and those with diabetes. Dentists often detect diabetes by examining the gums. Untreated gum problems can damage the bones supporting the teeth. Timely treatment and regular checkups are crucial.

Final Advice

Dr. Dali emphasizes the importance of regular dental checkups every six months for everyone, from children to the elderly. Early detection of decay, especially in permanent teeth, can prevent severe problems. Regular visits help maintain good oral health and avoid complications.